STUDIES ON MARINE BRYOZOA. X. HIPPADENELLA CARSONAE, N. SP

¹ College of New Rochelle, New Rochelle, N. Y.

1. The morphology of Hippadenella carsonae, new ectoproct from the Antarctic, is described in detail and measurements made of many of its structures.

2. At the time of its collection, Jan. 29, ovicells were empty of embryos but developing eggs were in the ovaries. Developing embryos were absent from the body cavity also.

3. Living polypides occurred at the tips of some twigs hut most of the material was dead or empty of polypides, at the time of collection.

4. The species has an unusually well developed avicularial apparatus consisting of large glands, reduced polypide, abductor and adductor muscles.

5. So-called "oral" or "sub-oral" gland are present. They are near the operculum but have no actual connection with, or proximity to, the true polypide mouth.

6. The function of "oral" glands, avicularial glands and avicularial polypide is unknown in this species, and a matter for speculation in other species.

7. Other peculiarities of this species are the oblique tubular frontal wall channels (frontal pores) and the mode of secondary calcification where trabeculae span the orifice and a domed lamina seals the ovicell.