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Biol Bull 129: 244-256. (October 1965)
© 1965 Marine Biological Laboratory
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THE MECHANISM OF THE SHADOW REFLEX IN CIRRIPEDIA. II. PHOTORECEPTOR CELL RESPONSE, SECOND-ORDER RESPONSES, AND MOTOR CELL OUTPUT

G. F. GWILLIAM 1

1 Department of Biology, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202, and the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass. 02543

1. The gross structure of the balanid central nervous system and some of the peripheral structures involved in the shadow reflex are described and figured (Fig. 1). The existence of both paired lateral and single median photoreceptors in several species of barnacles is established, and is probably true for all balanid cirripedes.

2. Intracellular sensory potentials from the lateral ocelli of B. eburneus indicate that spiking does not occur in these retinula cells, and that the wave form of the response to a light flash is very similar to comparable records from other arthropod retinula cells.

3. No significant difference between the function of the lateral and the median ocelli has been shown with the procedures used in this study.

4. The different rates of adaptation of neurons in the reacting chain have been studied. The primary sensory event is non-adapting, the presumed second-order neurons adapt very slowly, as does the cirral motor output in B. tintinnabulum. The cirral output in B. cariosus, however, adapts rapidly, and so does the adductor muscle motor output in both species. This difference in motor output correlates very well with the behavior of intact animals.

5. The probable chain of events leading to the withdrawal-closure response to a shadow is summarized.




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H. M. Brown, R. W. Meech, H. Koike, and S. Hagiwara
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Simple Photoreceptors in Limulus polyphemus
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Copyright © 1965 by the Marine Biological Laboratory.