Biol. Bull.
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Biol Bull 175: 102-110. (August 1988)
© 1988 Marine Biological Laboratory
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Ontogeny of Osmoregulation and Salinity Tolerance in Two Decapod Crustaceans: Homarus americanus and Penaeus japonicus

G. CHARMANTIER 1, M. CHARMANTIER-DAURES 1, N. BOUARICHA 1, P. THUET 1, J.-P. TRILLES 1, and D. E. AIKEN 2

1 Laboratoire de Physiologie des Invertébrés, Université des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Pl. E. Bataillon, 34060 Montpellier Cédex, France
2 Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Invertebrate Biology and Aquaculture, Biological Station, St. Andrews, New Brunswick E0G 2X0, Canada

Osmoregulation and salinity tolerance were studied in larvae and post-larvae of two species of crusta ceans, Homarus americanus and Penaeus japonicus, that have different types of embryonic development.

In both species, salinity tolerance decreased through the larval stages, was at a minimum at metamorphosis, and increased in post-larval stages. In H. americanus, the lethal salinity for 50% of the animals (24 h LS50) at 20°C was about 17permil at metamorphosis, and about 10.5-12permil in stages IV and V. In P. japonicus, the 24 h LS50 at 25°C was about 25permil metamorphosis, and about 7-10permil from the sixth post-larval stage onwards.

In both species, larvae were hyper-osmoconformers and the osmoregulatory pattern changed after metamorphosis to the juvenile/adult type. In H. americanus, stages IV and V slightly hyper-osmoregulated in low salinities. In P. japonicus, post-larvae hyper-hypo-regulated, and their regulatory capacity increased up to the fifth post-larval stage.

In young stages of H. americanus and P. japonicus, osmoregulation and salinity tolerance appear correlated, and are modified at metamorphosis. These results are discussed with regard to their ecological and physiological implications and to previous studies on other species.




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