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The Biological Bulletin, Vol 182, Issue 1 105-108, Copyright © 1992 by Marine Biological Laboratory

ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION

Embryos of Homarus americanus are Protected by Epibiotic Bacteria

M. S. Gil-Turnes and W. Fenical
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0236

Embryos of the American lobster, Homarus americanus, are remarkably resistant to infection by the fungus Lagenidium callinectes, a pathogen of many crustaceans. The surfaces of healthy lobster embryos are covered almost exclusively by a single, Gram-negative bacterium, which grows in a dense mosaic pattern. In culture, this bacterium produces a compound that completely inhibits the growth of the pathogenic fungus in vitro at 10 mcg/ml. Large-scale fermentation, extraction, and subsequent chromatographic purification led to the identification of the antifungal substance as 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (tyrosol), an antibiotic substance known to be produced by terrestrial fungi.


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