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The Biological Bulletin, Vol 192, Issue 1 41-52, Copyright © 1997 by Marine Biological Laboratory

DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION

Stages of Larval Development and Stem Cell Population Changes During Metamorphosis of a Hydrozoan Planula

V. J. Martin and W. E. Archer
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556

Scanning electron microscopy and light histology were used to reveal the changes in overall morphology and in stem cell differentiation and distribution that occur as a free-swimming, solid hydrozoan planula larva is transformed into a sessile, hollow adult polyp. Eight stages of development are described: young 10-hour planula, mature 48-hour planula, attaching planula, disc, pawn, crown, immature polyp, and primary adult polyp. The larval interstitial stem cell population (interstitial cells, nematocytes, ganglion cells) undergoes dramatic changes during metamorphosis: (1) distribution patterns change, (2) certain larval derivatives disappear, (3) new types of derivatives differentiate, and (4) migration patterns become more complex. This study is the first to examine how a stem cell system develops in an organism that goes from embryo to larva to adult.


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