Biol. Bull.
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Biol. Bull. 201: 405-416. (December 2001)
© 2001 Marine Biological Laboratory

Developmental Patterns and Cell Lineages of Vermiform Embryos in Dicyemid Mesozoans

Hidetaka Furuya1, F. G. Hochberg2 and Kazuhiko Tsuneki1

1 Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
2 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, California 93105-2936

Patterns of cell division and cell lineages of the vermiform embryos of dicyemid mesozoans were studied in four species belonging to four genera: Conocyema polymorpha, Dicyema apalachiensis, Microcyema vespa, and Pseudicyema nakaoi. During early development, the following common features were apparent: (1) the first cell division produces prospective cells that generate the anterior peripheral region of the embryo; (2) the second cell division produces prospective cells that generate the posterior peripheral region plus the internal cells of the embryo; (3) in the lineage of prospective internal cells, several divisions ultimately result in cell death of one of the daughter cells. Early developmental processes are almost identical in the vermiform embryos of all four dicyemid genera. The cell lineages appear to be invariant among embryos and are highly conserved among species. Species-specific differences appear during later stages of embryogenesis. The number of terminal divisions determines variations in peripheral cell numbers among genera and species. Thus, the numbers of peripheral cells are fixed and hence species-specific.






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Copyright © 2001 by the Marine Biological Laboratory.