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Molecular Mechanisms of Memory Storage in Aplysia

¹ Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032
² New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032
³ Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032
⁴ Kavli Institute for Brain Sciences, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rdh1{at}columbia.edu

Abstract Cellular studies of implicit and explicit memory suggest that experience-dependent modulation of synaptic strength and structure is a fundamental mechanism by which these memories are encoded, processed, and stored within the brain. In this review, we focus on recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie short-term, intermediate-term, and long-term forms of implicit memory in the marine invertebrate Aplysia californica, and consider how the conservation of common elements in each form may contribute to the different temporal phases of memory storage.

Abbreviations: AMPA, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid • AMPAR, AMPA receptor • C/EBP, CCAAT-box-enhanced binding protein • CamKII, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II • CPEB, cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein • CRE, cAMP-responsive element • CREB, cAMP response element binding protein • CS, conditioned stimulus • EPSP, excitatory postsynaptic potential • LTF, long-term facilitation • LTP, long-term potentiation • MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase • NMDA, N-methyl-D-aspartate • PKA, protein kinase A • PKC, protein kinase C • PSP, postsynaptic potential • STF, short-term facilitation

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