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Biol Bull 61: 242-271. (October 1931)
© 1931 Marine Biological Laboratory
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THE EFFECT OF DILUTION OF SEA WATER ON THE ACTIVITY AND LONGEVITY OF CERTAIN MARINE CERCARIÆ, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES

H. W. STUNKARD 1 and C. RUTH SHAW 1

1 From the Biological Laboratory, New York University, and the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass

The problem concerning the origin and distribution of closely related parasites that occur in marine and fresh-water hosts is discussed. Migration of hosts and transfer to new hosts are the only explanations that appear tenable. The essential factor is the ability of the free-swimming larvæ to live and remain infective in a changed environment. Experiments on the ability of six species of marine cercariæ to withstand dilution of sea water show that these larvæ manifest normal activity for considerable periods of time in solutions containing only one-eighth to one-fourth sea water. The observations indicate that these cercariæ are able to complete their life cycles in brackish water and denote the extent to which these organisms may migrate into brackish or fresh water.







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