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Biol Bull 79: 329-339. (October 1940)
© 1940 Marine Biological Laboratory
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HETEROPLASTIC TRANSPLANTATION AND SPECIES SPECIFICITY

I. A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF RECIPROCAL CHORIO-ALLANTOIC TRANSPLANTS OF MACERATED AND UNMACERATED DUCK AND CHICK KIDNEY TISSUE

CARL J. SANDSTROM 1

1 From the Departmentof Biology, University College, New York University

1. Metanephric tissue from duck and chick embryos of comparable ages, ground in a mortar and collected by centrifuging, was implanted on the chorio-allantoic membrane of the chick and duck respectively.

2. The implantation of the maccrated duck tissue had no significant effects on the chick hosts until the donor embryos approached the age of hatching, at which time it caused death within 48 hours. The average mortality rate following the implantation of tissue from donors of 24 days' incubation, or younger, was 27.9 per cent. When the tissue was obtained from donors of 27 days' incubation, the percentage of deaths among the hosts increased to 59.2 per cent, and when obtained from donors of 28 days' incubation (time of hatching), it increased to 87.7 per cent. Maccrated tissue from donors older than 28 days' incubation consistently killed the hosts, the mortality rate being 100.0 per cent.

3. The reciprocal relation, i.e., chick-on-duck, showed no significant increases in mortality rate comparable to that demonstrated in the duck-on-chick implantations.

4. Death of the chick hosts following the implantation of macerated duck tissue resulted from an apparent agglutination of the blood cells by intracellular substances which were released from the cells by maceration.

5. Comparing the effects of the implantation of macerated tissue with those of the intact, it was conduded that the transplantability of a tissue, as manifested by the nature and intensity of the local inflammation reaction incited by metabolic toxins given off by the transplants of intact kidney tissue, is independent of intracellular substances which may be responsible for species specificity, and which are released from the cell only by crushing.

6. Attention was called to the fact that the local inflammation reaction incited by intact tissue transplants can be modified in several ways, so that it can be used only with considerable care in an analysis of problems pertaining to the development of species specificity.






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